Marte Nilsen

Senior Researcher

Marte Nilsen
Email: marnil@prio.org
Mobile phone: (+47) 988 79 323
Twitter: @MarteNilsen

Research Interests

  • Political and violent conflicts in Myanmar and Thailand
  • Civil society movements and societal transformation in peacebuilding and democratization
  • Religious and spiritual practices in politics and nation building
  • Popular culture and art in resistance movements
  • The politics of humanitarian aid and development schemes in violent conflicts
  • The Rohingya crisis and community strategies in forced displacement settings



Background


Marte Nilsen is a Senior Researcher at the Peace Research Institute Oslo (PRIO). She is a Historian of Religions and holds a PhD from Lund University (Sweden). Her research focus is on political and violent conflicts in Southeast Asia, with a particular focus on Myanmar and Thailand, and on the Rohingya crisis.

In her current work, Nilsen investigates how opposition groups in Thailand and Myanmar use popular culture and art to challenge the legitimacy of the authoritarian state. The role of local cultures and religious and spiritual knowledge is of particular interest. In other projects, Nilsen conducts research on identity politics among Rohingya refugees and on the refugees' own humanitarian and political strategies.

Language skills

Fluent: Norwegian, English.
Intermediate: Thai, German.
Basic: Burmese, Chinese (Mandarin).

Education

2022: Thai Language, level 3 (1 year), SOAS, University of London.
2012: Dr.philos., History of Religions, Centre for Theology and Religious Studies, Lund University.
2012: Burmese language course (1 week intensive), SOAS University of London.
2006 Chinese language (KIN 1110-1120, 1 year), University of Oslo.
2005: Cand.philol., History of Religions, Department of Culture Studies and Oriental Languages, University of Oslo.
2002: Cand.mag., History of Religions, Sociology, History, University of Oslo.

Positions of trust

2020 – present: Coordiator, PRIO's FIWON Network.
2017 – present: Coordiator, PRIO's Religion research group.
2017 – 2021: Coordinator, Research School on Peace and Conflict.
2006 – 2008: President, Attac Norway.
2005-2006: University board member, University of Oslo.

Dissemination

Podcasts

"Myanmar med Marte Nilsen" 198 land med Einar Tørnquist
"Aung San Suu Kyi og Myanmar" Historier som endret verden
"Coup in Myanmar seven months later” PRIO’s Peace in a Pod 54
"Myanmar et halvt år etter militærkuppet” Verden og vi NCA
“Kuppet i Myanmar” Utviklingspoddensialet
“Myanmar after the Coup” The Nordic Asia Podcast NIAS
“Coup in Myanmar: Protest, Art Technology” PRIO’s Peace in a Pod 25
"Art, Conflict and Land rights in Myanmar” PRIO’s Peace in a Pod 18

Television and Radio appearances (sample)

Myanmar Politics:             Studio 2, NRK P2, 20.09.2022

Myanmar Politics:             Studio 2, NRK P2, 01.02.2022

Myanmar Politics:             Dagsnytt 18, NRK2, 28.09.2021

Myanmar Politics:             Studio 2, NRK P2, 01.02.2021

Thai Politics:                      Dagens, NRK P1, 15.10.2020

Thai Politics:                      Nyhetslunsj, NRK 06.05.2019

Thai Politics:                      TV2 Nyhetskanalen, 06.05.2019

Thai Politics:                      NRK Alltid Nyheter, 25.03.2019

Thai Politics:                      Urix på lørdag, NRK P2, 23.03.2019

Thai Politics:                      Studio 2, NRK P2, 06.03.2019

Myanmar Politics:             Urix, NRK 2, 20.09.2017

Thai Politics:                      Ytring, NRK P2, 14.05.2017

Thai Politics:                      Norgesglasset, NRK P1, 13.10.2016

Thai Politics:                      Urix, NRK2, 12.10.2016

Thai Politics:                      Her og Nå, NRK P1, 12.08 2016

Thai Politics:                      Nyhetskanalen, 10pm. TV2 11.08.2016

Thai Politics:                      Nyhetsmorgen, NRK P2, 08.08.2016

Myanmar Politics:             Urix, NRK2 15.02.2016

Thai Politics:                      Dagsrevyen, NRK1, 18.08.2015

Myanmar Politics:             Urix NRK2, 15.03.2016.  

Myanmar Politics:             Nyhetsettermiddag NRK P2, 11.05.2015

Thai Politics:                      Norgesglasset NRK P1, 23.05.2014

Thai Politics:                      Dagsnytt 18 NRK2, 22.05.2014

Thai Politics:                      Nyhetsmorgen P2, 03.02.2014

Myanmar Politics:             Urix NRK2, 14.11.2012

Thai Politics:                      Aktuelt NRK2, 19.05.2010

Thai Politics:                      Dagsnytt 18 NRK2, 18.05.2010

Thai Politics:                      Dagsnytt 18 NRK2, 19.05.2010

Research Groups

Full member:
Associated member:

PRIO Departments

Current
Historical

PRIO Projects

Ongoing:
Finished:

Events

PRIO started tracking events online in 2007. This listing is not complete. Past events may be mentioned in our news archive.

Publications

 

Recent Publications

Gjerløw, Haakon; Jens Koning; Marte Nilsen & Gudrun Østby (2022) Returning to School or Dropping Out after the COVID-19 Closure? Survey Evidence from Rohingya Refugees and Host Communities in Bangladesh, PRIO Policy Brief, 19. Oslo: PRIO.
Olney, Jessica; Khin Maung ; Lucky ; Shabbir Ahmad; Marte Nilsen; & Gudrun Østby (2022) 'Something Is Better than Nothing': Online Learning Pursuits of Rohingya Youth and Teachers in Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh, Internal report. Oslo: PRIO.
Aden, Hassan; Zeina Bali; Cindy Horst; Marte Nilsen & Gudrun Østby (2022) What Can We Learn from Refugee-Led Education in Kenya?, PRIO Policy Brief, 14. Oslo: PRIO.

All Publications

PhD Thesis

Nilsen, Marte (2012) Negotiating Thainess: Religious and National Identities in Thailand's Southern Conflict. PhD thesis, Lund Studies in History of Religions, Lund University, Sweden.

Peer-reviewed Journal Article

Nilsen, Marte (2020) Perceptions of Rights and the Politics of Humanitarian Aid in Myanmar, The European Journal of Development Research 32(2): 338–358.
Nilsen, Marte & Shintaro Hara (2018) Religious Motivation in Political Struggles: The Case of Thailand's Patani Conflict, Journal of Religion and Violence 5(3): 291–311.
Nilsen , Marte (2013) Will democracy bring peace to Myanmar?, International Area Studies Review 16(2): 115–141.
Nilsen, Marte (2011) The Spirit of a Heroine: Ya Mo - Spirit Reverence, Patriotism and Thai Buddhism, Modern Asian Studies 45(6): 1599–1625.

Book Chapter

Nilsen, Marte (2021) “We Are Alive, but Have No Life”: Rohingya Refugees, Deprived of the Prospects for a Future, in Ruud, Arild Engelsen; & Mubashar Hasan, eds, Masks of Authoritarianism: Hegemony, Power and Public Life in Bangladesh. Singapore: Palgrave Macmillan (221–235).
Nilsen, Marte (2019) No Peace in a Ceasefire: Women's Agency in the Kachin Conflict, in Åshild Kolås, ed., Women Peace and Security in Myanmar: Between Feminism and Ethnopolitics. London: Routledge (58–73).
Nilsen, Marte (2012) Military Temples and Saffron-Robed Soldiers: Legitimacy and the Securing of Buddhism in Southern Thailand, in Tikhonov, Vladimir; & Torkel Brekke, eds, Buddhism and Violence. Militarism and Buddhism in Modern Asia. London: Routledge (37–53).

Popular Article

Nilsen, Marte (2022) Rohingya-krisen fem år etter massakren, Bistandsaktuelt, 25 August.
Nilsen, Marte (2022) Rohingya, fem år etter, Klassekampen, 25 August.
Nilsen, Marte (2022) Rohingya refugees still desperate, five years after a genocide, Southeast Asia Globe, 25 August.
Nilsen, Marte (2021) Tid for solidaritet med Myanmar, Bistandsaktuelt, 13 December.
Nilsen, Marte & Benjamin Dix (2020) Myanmar: weak leadership is prompting grassroots activists to make a difference, The Conversation, 14 November.
Nilsen, Marte (2020) Finnes det håp for Myanmar? Valget, makt og motmakt, Asiapunkt, 8 November.
Nilsen, Marte (2020) Hvem kan redde Myanmar?, Klassekampen, 6 November.
Nilsen, Marte (2020) The Politics of Humanitarian Aid to Myanmar, PK Forum, 9 July.
Nilsen, Marte (2016) Are we nearing an end to Buddhist extremism in Myanmar?, Southeast Asia Globe, 2 November.
Nilsen, Marte (2016) Ingen er i stand til å fylle Kong Bhumibols sko, Aftenposten, 13 October.
Nilsen, Marte & Stein Tønnesson (2016) Double Marginalisation of Myanmar's Ethnic Minorities, Myanmar Times, 26 April.
Nilsen, Marte & Stein Tønnesson (2016) Myanmar's Ethnic Minorities Marginalised More, East Asia Forum, 13 April.
Nilsen, Marte (2015) The Rise of Political Buddhism in Myanmar, Tricycle, 6 June.
Nilsen, Marte (2015) Buddhist Nationalism Threatens Myanmar's Democratic Transition, East Asia Forum, 12 March.
Nilsen, Marte; Stein Tønnesson & Emil Jeremic (2014) Norges balansekunst i Myanmar, NRK Ytring, 17 October.
Nilsen, Marte; Kristin Dalen & Kristin Jesnes (2014) Farlig folketelling, Dagens Næringsliv, 8 October.
Nilsen, Marte (2014) Thailands skjøre demokrati, NRK Ytring, 28 May.
Nilsen, Marte (2014) Politisk krise i Thailand, Forsvarets Forum Nr. 3, 2014, 1 March.
Nilsen, Marte (2014) Slaget om Bangkok, NRK Ytring, 17 January.
Nilsen, Marte (2010) Hva nå, Thailand?, Dagsavisen, 12 June.
Nilsen, Marte (2009) Opprøret i Thailand, Dagbladet, 16 April.
Nilsen, Marte (2008) Elitenes kamp, VG, 14 September.

Conference Paper

Nilsen , Marte (2016) “Religious motivation in political struggles and the branding of jihadism”, presented at Defining and Analysing Jihadist Conflict: 1st Working Group Conference in the Resolving Jihadist Conflict project , Uppsala University, 5–8 September.

PRIO Policy Brief

Gjerløw, Haakon; Jens Koning; Marte Nilsen & Gudrun Østby (2022) Returning to School or Dropping Out after the COVID-19 Closure? Survey Evidence from Rohingya Refugees and Host Communities in Bangladesh, PRIO Policy Brief, 19. Oslo: PRIO.
Aden, Hassan; Zeina Bali; Cindy Horst; Marte Nilsen & Gudrun Østby (2022) What Can We Learn from Refugee-Led Education in Kenya?, PRIO Policy Brief, 14. Oslo: PRIO.
Nilsen, Marte; Ilaria Carrozza; Øystein H. Rolandsen & Amara Thiha (2021) China in Myanmar: Complex Engagements, Complicated Relations, PRIO Policy Brief, 6. Oslo: PRIO.
Tønnesson, Stein; Ne Lynn Aung & Marte Nilsen (2019) Will Myanmar’s Northern Alliance Join the Peace Process?, PRIO Policy Brief, 2. Oslo: PRIO.
Dupuy, Kendra; Haakon Gjerløw; Mohammad Ashraful Haque; Sultan Mahmud; Marte Nilsen & Gudrun Østby (2019) Mapping Education Programmes for Rohingya Refugees in Bangladesh, PRIO Policy Brief, 11. Oslo: PRIO.
Olney, Jessica; Nurul Haque; Roshid Mubarak; Marte Nilsen; Ingebjørg Finnbakk; Gudrun Østby & Kendra Dupuy (2019) Preventing a Lost Generation: Community-led education by Rohingya refugees, PRIO Policy Brief, 7. Oslo: PRIO.
Tønnesson, Stein & Marte Nilsen (2018) Still a Chance for Peace in Myanmar?, PRIO Policy Brief, 2. Oslo: PRIO.
Nilsen , Marte & Stein Tønnesson (2016) A New Era for Myanmar – Trouble Ahead for Ethnic Minorities, PRIO Policy Brief, 5. Oslo: PRIO.
Nilsen , Marte & Stein Tønnesson (2016) A New Era for Myanmar – Trouble Ahead for Ethnic Minorities (Burmese Version), PRIO Policy Brief, 5. Oslo: PRIO.
Nilsen , Marte & Stein Tønnesson (2014) Myanmar’s National Census – Helping or ​Disrupting Peace?, PRIO Policy Brief, 1. Oslo: PRIO.
Nilsen , Marte & Stein Tønnesson (2014) High Risk of Electoral Violence in Myanmar, PRIO Policy Brief, 6. Oslo: PRIO.
Nilsen , Marte & Stein Tønnesson (2014) High Risk of Electoral Violence in Myanmar (BURMESE version), PRIO Policy Brief, 6. Oslo: PRIO.
Nilsen , Marte & Stein Tønnesson (2013) Political Parties and Peacebuilding in Myanmar, PRIO Policy Brief, 5. Oslo: PRIO.
Nilsen , Marte & Stein Tønnesson (2012) Can Myanmar’s 2008 Constitution Be Made To Satisfy Ethnic Aspirations?, PRIO Policy Brief, 11. Oslo: PRIO.

PRIO Paper

Amador III, Julio; Deryk Matthew N. Baladjay; Ilaria Carrozza; Marte Nilsen & Øystein H. Rolandsen (2021) An Appraisal of Philippines-China Security Relations under the Duterte Administration (2016–2020), PRIO Paper. Oslo: PRIO.

Report - Other

Olney, Jessica; Khin Maung ; Lucky ; Shabbir Ahmad; Marte Nilsen; & Gudrun Østby (2022) 'Something Is Better than Nothing': Online Learning Pursuits of Rohingya Youth and Teachers in Cox's Bazar, Bangladesh, Internal report. Oslo: PRIO.

Report - External Series

Stave, Svein Erik; Marte Nilsen; & Kristin Dalen (2018) Evaluation of Norwegian Efforts to Ensure Policy Coherence for Development, Evalueringsrapporter, 8. Norad Evaluation Department.

Blog Posts

Monks and Militias in Myanmar

Posted by Amara Thiha & Marte Nilsen on Wednesday, 15 March 2023

The political implications of ultra-nationalist Buddhist monks and ideologies in Myanmar received much attention in the years before the 2021 military takeover. As Myanmar has turned more violent since the coup, ultra-nationalist monks have been radicalised further. What role are these monks playing in the political landscape of Myanmar today? ... Read more »

Rohingya Refugees Still Desperate, Five Years after a Genocide

Posted by Marte Nilsen on Thursday, 25 August 2022

Without access to education, work, healthcare, and citizenship, the Rohingya are calling on the world to act. The start of the brutal massacre of the Rohingya people in Myanmar marks its anniversary on 25 August. It has been five years since thousands of men and children were piled up by ... Read more »

Myanmar: weak leadership is prompting grassroots activists to make a difference

Posted by Marte Nilsen & Benjamin Dix on Monday, 16 November 2020

Aung San Suu Kyi’s National League for Democracy secured yet another large majority in the Myanmar parliament in the national election. But, despite the Nobel peace laureate’s party being in power since 2015, progress in the war-torn and troubled country remains hampered by both structural restraints and the absence of political ... Read more »

The Politics of Humanitarian Aid to Myanmar

Posted by Marte Nilsen on Thursday, 30 July 2020

I felt like I had defeated the dictators when I walked out of Yangon’s Mingeladon airport for the first time, more than 20 years ago. Unnoticed, I had sneaked out of the queue and avoided the mandatory exchange of three new, unfolded, and spotless 100-dollar bills into the FEC monopoly ... Read more »

Accountable to Whom? Reflecting on the ethics of doing migration research

Posted by Cindy Horst, Marta Bivand Erdal, Marte Nilsen & Jørgen Carling on Friday, 15 November 2019

Who are we accountable to when doing research on migration and mobility? Many scholars, ourselves included, do research with – rather than about – refugees and other migrants, or indeed communities and individuals in origin or destination country. But to whom are we accountable? And what can and should accountability ... Read more »

No One can Fill King Bhumibol’s Shoes

Posted by Marte Nilsen on Monday, 17 October 2016

For 70 years, the beloved King Bhumibol Adulyadej (Rama IX) ruled Thailand, and to date he has represented the country’s only stable political reference point. Since the introduction of the constitutional kingdom in 1932, the country has been through 19 different constitutions and 12 military coups – the latest just ... Read more »

Are We Nearing an End to Buddhist Extremism in Myanmar?

Posted by Marte Nilsen on Wednesday, 7 September 2016

Ma Ba Tha and similar groups of extremist monks in Myanmar could face resistance after a government official finally rebuked their brand of nationalism. It took just one dismissive comment from the chief minister of Yangon to seemingly deflate Ma Ba Tha. The Buddhist nationalist organisation has become known for ... Read more »

Myanmar's Ethnic Minorities Marginalized More

Posted by Marte Nilsen & Stein Tønnesson on Wednesday, 13 April 2016

For the first time in over half a century, Myanmar has a government with a popular mandate, led by the National League for Democracy (NLD). Although the Myanmar armed forces still have extensive political powers under the 2008 constitution, and may seriously curtail the independent action of the new government, ... Read more »

The Rise of Political Buddhism in Myanmar

Posted by Marte Nilsen on Tuesday, 7 July 2015

Narrow Burman-Buddhist nationalism remains the country’s biggest barrier to sustainable political reform. The Organization for the Protection of Race and Religion, known by the Burmese acronym Ma Ba Tha, is gaining ground in Myanmar. It has also been receiving increased international attention—last month for its proposal to ban Muslim headscarves ... Read more »

Buddhist Nationalism Threatens Myanmar’s Democratic Transition

Posted by Marte Nilsen on Thursday, 12 March 2015

It’s election year in Myanmar, the big test for the country’s aspiring democratic transition. Among the spirited national debates there are four controversial pieces of legislation currently under consideration in Myanmar’s Assembly of the Union parliament (the Pyidaungsu hluttaw). These reportedly aim to protect race and religion. But in truth, ... Read more »

Norway's Tightrope Walk in Myanmar

Posted by Marte Nilsen, Stein Tønnesson & Emil Jeremic on Thursday, 23 October 2014

Are the people of Myanmar able to distinguish between Norway’s role in promoting peace and the commercial interests of Norwegian businesses? Now that several state-owned Norwegian companies have entered into large and risky ventures in Myanmar, Norway is walking a tightrope between peace and commerce. The maintenance of support for ... Read more »

A Dangerous Census

Posted by Marte Nilsen, Kristin Dalen & Kristin Jesnes on Friday, 17 October 2014

Norway has spent NOK 40 million to help fund a census in Myanmar (Burma). The census results are at odds with previous assumptions and may increase the level of conflict in the country in the run-up to the elections in 2015. Norway must take responsibility. Every country needs to know who ... Read more »

Thailand’s Fragile Democracy

Posted by Marte Nilsen on Friday, 30 May 2014

The traditional elite clings to an outdated world view. But a military coup offers no solution. ​Two days after the military coup in Thailand at least 13 bombs exploded, approximately simultaneously, in the city of Pattani. Three people, including a five-year-old child, were killed, and approximately 60 people injured. On ... Read more »

Myanmar's National Census - Helping or Disrupting Peace?

Posted by Marte Nilsen & Stein Tønnesson on Wednesday, 12 February 2014

In March/April 2014 Myanmar will carry out its first population and housing census in more than 30 years. If carried out properly it may provide reliable data to be used not just by the government, but also by civil society organizations and political parties, as a basis for negotiating the ... Read more »

The Battle for Bangkok

Posted by Marte Nilsen on Monday, 20 January 2014

In the wake of the power struggle between the political elites in Thailand, we are now seeing a popular uprising. Once again Thailand’s capital is paralysed by demonstrations. The streets are filled with Thai flags and demands that the prime minister, Yingluck Shinawatra, must step down. “Shut down Bangkok – ... Read more »

Related pages