Locations

Middle East

Select a country in the map above or list below to find relevant staff, as well as publications, projects, news or events relevant to that region.

People

Alaa Tartir

Alaa Tartir

PRIO Global Fellow

Are Hovdenak

Are Hovdenak

Researcher

Bruno Oliveira Martins

Bruno Oliveira Martins

Senior Researcher

Erlend Lunde Colleuille

Erlend Lunde Colleuille

Master's Student

Håvard Mokleiv Nygård

Håvard Mokleiv Nygård

Research Professor

Henrik Buljo Anstorp

Henrik Buljo Anstorp

Department Manager

Hilde Henriksen Waage

Hilde Henriksen Waage

Research Professor

Jacob Høigilt

Jacob Høigilt

Research Professor

Jørgen Jensehaugen

Jørgen Jensehaugen

Senior Researcher

Kjetil Selvik

Kjetil Selvik

Senior Researcher

Kristian Berg Harpviken

Kristian Berg Harpviken

Research Professor

Kristian Takvam Kindt

Kristian Takvam Kindt

Guest Researcher

Malin Nærum Aadalen

Malin Nærum Aadalen

Research Assistant

Marte Heian-Engdal

Marte Heian-Engdal

Senior Researcher

Naima Mouhleb

Naima Mouhleb

Researcher & Research Assistant

Stian Johansen Tiller

Stian Johansen Tiller

Master's Student

Publications

Peer-reviewed Journal Article

Tank, Pinar (2022) Rebel governance and gender in northeast Syria: Transformative ideology as a challenge to negotiating power, Third World Thematics: a TWQ Journal. DOI: 10.1080/23802014.2022.2115547.
Tziarras, Zenonas (2021) International Competition and Cooperation in the New Eastern Mediterranean, Oxford Research Encyclopedia of International Studies. DOI: 10.1093/acrefore/9780190846626.013.654.
Høigilt, Jacob (2017) Egyptian Comics and the Challenge to Patriarchal Authoritarianism, International Journal of Middle East Studies 49(1): 111–131.
Takvam Kindt, Kristian; Jacob Høigilt & Tewodros Aragie Kebede (2016) Writing Change: Diglossia and Popular Writing Practices in Egypt, Arabica 63: 324–376.
Høigilt, Jacob (2015) Fatah from Below: The Clash of Generations in Palestine, British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies 43(4): 456–471.
Baev, Pavel K. (2015) Russia as Opportunist or Spoiler in the Middle East?, The International Spectator: Italian Journal of International Affairs 50(2): 8–21.
Høigilt, Jacob (2014) Prophets in their own country? Hizb al-Tahrir in the Palestinian context, Politics, Religion & Ideology 15(4): 504–520.
Heian-Engdal, Marte; Jørgen Jensehaugen & Hilde Henriksen Waage (2013) ‘Finishing the Enterprise’: Israel's Admission to the United Nations, International History Review 35(3): 465–485.
Kverme, Kai & Jacob Høigilt (2012) Elsker, elsker ikke… Libanon, Palestina og Syria [Loves me, loves me not... Lebanon, Palestine and Syria], Internasjonal politikk 70(4): 520–528.
Jensehaugen, Jørgen; Marte Heian-Engdal & Hilde Henriksen Waage (2012) Securing the State: From Zionist Ideology to Israeli Statehood, Diplomacy & Statecraft 23(2): 280–303.
Jensehaugen, Jørgen & Hilde Henriksen Waage (2012) Coercive Diplomacy: Israel, Transjordan and the UN—a Triangular Drama Revisited, British Journal of Middle Eastern Studies 39(1): 79–100.
Tiller, Stian Johansen & Hilde Henriksen Waage (2011) Powerful State, Powerless Mediator: The United States and the Peace Efforts of the Palestine Conciliation Commission, 1949–51, International History Review 33(3): 501–524.
Waage, Hilde Henriksen (2011) The Winner Takes All: The 1949 Island of Rhodes Armistice Negotiations Revisited, Middle East Journal 65(2): 279–304.
Grabska, Katarzyna (2006) Marginalization in Urban Spaces of the Global South: Urban Refugees in Cairo, Journal of Refugee Studies 19(3): 287–307.
Lodgaard, Sverre (1991) Vertical and Horizontal Proliferation in the Middle East / Persian Gulf, Bulletin of Peace Proposals 22(1): 3–10.
Thee, Marek (1974) Détente and Security in the Aftermath of the Fourth Middle East War, Bulletin of Peace Proposals 5(1): 88–96.
Gleditsch, Nils Petter (1971) Interaction Patterns in the Middle East, Cooperation and Conflict 6(1): 16–30.

Monograph

Tziarras, Zenonas (2022) Turkish Foreign Policy: The Lausanne Syndrome in the Eastern Mediterranean and Middle East. UK: Springer International Publishing.
Harpviken, Kristian Berg & Shahrbanou Tadjbakhsh (2016) A Rock Between Hard Places: Afghanistan as an Arena of Regional Insecurity. New York: Oxford University Press.

Book Chapter

Tziarras, Zenonas (2022) Introduction: The Foreign Policy of the Republic of Cyprus - The Age of Maturity?, in Zenonas Tziarras, ed., The Foreign Policy of the Republic of Cyprus: Local, Regional and International Dimensions. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan (3–18).
Tziarras, Zenonas (2022) Foreign Policy Maturity and Grand Strategy: The Way Forward for the Republic of Cyprus, in Zenonas Tziarras, ed., The Foreign Policy of the Republic of Cyprus: Local, Regional and International Dimensions. Cham: Palgrave Macmillan (342–362).
Tzimitras, Harry & Ayla Gürel (2018) Cyprus: Energy Hopes and Political Troubles, in Jalilvand, David Ramin; & Kirsten Westphal, eds, The Political and Economic Challenges of Energy in the Middle East and North Africa. London: Routledge (156–168).
Høigilt, Jacob (2018) Jihadisme, islamisme og krigen mot nyanser [Jihadism, Islamism, and the War on Nuance], in Høgestøl, Sofie; Anna Andersson; & Anne Christine Lie, eds, Fremmedkrigere: forebygging, straffeforfølging og rehabilitering i Skandinavia. Oslo: Gyldendal juridisk (299–320).
Baev, Pavel K. (2018) European Assessments and Concerns About Russia’s Policies in the Middle East, in Stephen Blank, ed., Russia in the Middle East. Washington DC: Jamestown Foundation (131–153).
Høigilt, Jacob & Gunvor Mejdell (2017) Introduction, in Høigilt, Jacob; & Gunvor Mejdell, eds, The Politics of Written Language in the Arab World: Writing Change. Leiden: Brill (1–17).
Bjorvatn, Kjetil & Jacob Høigilt (2016) Youth and the Arab Revolutions, in Selvik, Kjetil; & Bjørn Olav Utvik, eds, Oil States in the New Middle East: Uprisings and stability. London: Routledge (39–56).
Harpviken, Kristian Berg (2015) Heart or Periphery? Afghanistan's Complex Neighbourhood Relations, in Gates, Scott; & Kaushik Roy, eds, War and State-Building in Afghanistan: Historical and Modern Perspectives. London: Bloomsbury (245–279).
Waage, Hilde Henriksen (2013) Midtøsten - konfliktenes region [The Middle East - a region of conflict], in Waage, Hilde Henriksen; Rolf Tamnes; & Hanne Hagtvedt Vik, eds, Krig Og Fred I Det Lange 20. Århundre. Oslo: Cappelen Damm Akademisk (114–136).
Waage, Hilde Henriksen (2012) Proactive Peace Diplomacy: Jan Egeland, in Mona Fixdal, ed., Ways Out of War: Peacemakers In the Middle East and Balkans. London: Palgrave Macmillan (91–118).
Gleditsch, Nils Petter (1971) Lähi-Idän vourovaikutuskuriot [Interaction Patterns in the Middle East], in Unto Vesa, ed., Sodat, kriisit ja rauhantutkimus. Tampere: TAPRI (77–104).

Edited Volume

Høigilt, Jacob; & Gunvor Mejdell, eds, (2017) The Politics of Written Language in the Arab World: Writing Change. Leiden: Brill. Studies in Semitic Languages and Linguistics.

Non-refereed Journal Article

Baev, Pavel K. (2020) The Russian-Saudi Oil Deal Bodes Ill for Russian Intervention in Syria, Panorama(30.04): 1–3.
Høigilt, Jacob (2016) Islam og islamisme i konflikten mellom Israel og palestinere, Religion og livssyn. Tidsskrift for Religionslærerforeningen i Norge 28(3): 6–12.
Høigilt, Jacob & Jon Nordenson (2014) Tahrir-litteraturen [The Tahrir literature], Babylon 2014(1): 92–100.

Popular Article

Baev, Pavel K. (2022) Russian influence fades in the Middle East, Eurasia Daily Monitor, 28 November.
Tank, Pinar; Júlia Palik; Jørgen Jensehaugen & Kristian Berg Harpviken (2022) Transactional Engagements: Middle Eastern Responses to the Ukrainian War, PRIO blogs, 24 March.
Baev, Pavel K. (2022) Moscow scrables to sustain its positions in the Middle East, Eurasia Daily Monitor, 14 March.
Baev, Pavel K. (2021) Russia's four diplomatic encounters and a summit, Eurasia Daily Monitor, 4 October.
Baev, Pavel K. (2021) Fake elections and Russia's belligerent foreign policy, Eurasia Daily Monitor, 20 September.
Baev, Pavel K. (2021) Russia takes measure of how Afghanistan resonates in the Middle East, Eurasia Daily Monitor, 7 September.
Carrozza, Ilaria & Henrik Buljo Anstorp (2021) Kommer Kina til å gjenoppbygge Afghanistan, Irak og Syria? [Will China rebuild Afghanistan, Iraq and Syria?], Aftenposten, 4 September.
Baev, Pavel K. (2021) Moscow cannot find opening to boost its role in the Middle East, Eurasia Daily Monitor, 17 May.
Baev, Pavel K. (2021) Russia finds itself marginalized between China and reuniting West, Eurasia Daily Monitor, 29 March.
Baev, Pavel K. (2021) Russia tries to counter US moves in the Middle East, in vain, Eurasia Daily Monitor, 1 March.
Baev, Pavel K. (2021) West's renewed focus on solidarity and coordination perturbs Kremlin, Eurasia Daily Monitor, 22 February.
Baev, Pavel K. (2021) Kremlin Tests Limits of New US Administration, Eurasia Daily Monitor, 25 January.
Baev, Pavel K. (2020) Russia Strives for an Oil and Gas Resurgence, Eurasia Daily Monitor, 7 December.
Baev, Pavel K. (2020) Putin Tries to Regain Initiative, as Crises Continue to Rage, Eurasia Daily Monitor, 16 November.
Tank, Pinar; Pavel K. Baev; Jørgen Jensehaugen; Kristian Berg Harpviken; Alaa Tartir; Mathias Hatleskog Tjønn & Zenonas Tziarras (2020) What a Biden Presidency Could Mean for the Middle East, PRIO Blog, 12 November.
Baev, Pavel K. (2020) New Wave of Islamic Extremism Adds to Putin’s Troubles, Eurasia Daily Monitor, 2 November.
Tartir, Alaa (2020) Discord Around the Abraham Accords: Three questions to Dr. Alaa Tartir, Institut Montaigne, 14 October.
Baev, Pavel K. (2020) Russia Caught in Web of Middle Eastern Intrigues, Eurasia Daily Monitor, 28 September.
Baev, Pavel K. (2020) Russia Stages Parade for Troubled Naval Fleet, Eurasia Daily Monitor, 27 July.
Baev, Pavel K. (2020) Scant Foreign Policy Choices for a Troubled and Divided Russia, Eurasia Daily Monitor, 6 July.
Baev, Pavel K. (2020) Russia Muddles Through Fog of Libyan War and Haze of Syrian ‘Peace’, Eurasia Daily Monitor, 8 June.
Baev, Pavel K. (2020) Russia’s Multiplying Foreign Policy Constraints, Eurasia Daily Monitor, 26 May.
Baev, Pavel K. (2020) The imperatives and limitations of Putin's rational choices, Order from Chaos, 28 April.
Baev, Pavel K. (2020) Russian Oil Bluff Is Called, and Economic Losses Keep Mounting, Eurasia Daily Monitor, 13 April.
Baev, Pavel K. (2020) Pondering upon Post-Pandemic Revolutions…and Russia, ISPI Commentary, 10 April.
Harpviken, Kristian Berg (2020) Fortsatt spent mellom Iran og USA [Still Tense Between Iran and USA], Forsvarets forum, 24 February.
Baev, Pavel K. (2020) Moscow Downplays the Mixed Warnings From Munich, Eurasia Daily Monitor, 18 February.
Baev, Pavel K. (2020) Russia Exploits Middle East to Subvert Europe, Eurasia Daily Monitor, 27 January.
Harpviken, Kristian Berg (2019) Vitenskapsdiplomatiets bidrag i Midtøsten [Science Diplomacy in the Middle East], Bistandsaktuelt, 12 November.
Baev, Pavel K. (2019) Russia ponders the burden of its "victory" in Syria, Eurasia Daily Monitor, 28 October.
Tziarras, Zenonas & Ioannis Sotirios Ioannou (2019) A New Phase in the Syria Conflict and New Security Challenges, PRIO Blog, 21 October.
Baev, Pavel K. (2019) Russia finds few fruits to harvest in the scramble for eastern Syria, Order from Chaos, 18 October.
Baev, Pavel K. (2019) Putin's Indifference to Turkish Offensive in Syria, Eurasia Daily Monitor, 14 October.
Baev, Pavel K. (2019) Russian intrigues in the Middle East, Eurasia Daily Monitor, 3 June.
Baev, Pavel K. (2019) Russia seeks to exploit escalating troubles in the Middle East, Eurasia Daily Monitor, 13 May.
Baev, Pavel K. (2019) The Syrian predicament turns precarious for Russia, Eurasia Daily Monitor, 28 January.
Tziarras, Zenonas (2019) Trump’s Withdrawal from Syria: Should I Stay or Should I Go?, Turkey Institute, 16 January.
Baev, Pavel K. (2018) Putin’s Anti-Israeli ‘Surge’ in Syria, Eurasia Daily Monitor, 9 October.
Baev, Pavel K. (2018) Four setbacks and a tragedy in Russia's Syrian intervention, Eurasia Daily Monitor, 24 September.
Baev, Pavel K. (2015) Iranian Deal Leaves Russia in Deeper Isolation, Eurasia Daily Monitor, 6 April.

PRIO Report

Hatay, Mete; & Zenonas Tziarras, eds, (2019) Kinship and Diasporas in Turkish Foreign Policy: Examples from Europe, the Middle East and the Eastern Mediterranean, PRIO Cyprus Centre Report, 10. Nicosia: PRIO Cyprus Centre.
Tønnesson, Stein; Øystein Noreng; Are Hovdenak; & Hilde Henriksen Waage (2005) Regime Stability in the Middle East, PRIO Report, 3. Oslo: PRIO.

Conference Paper

Høigilt, Jacob (2014) Fatah from below: The clash of generations in Palestine, presented at World Congress for Middle Eastern Studies, Ankara, 21 August.
Høigilt, Jacob & Tilde Rosmer (2013) Failing Against the Odds? Palestinian youth mobilization in the West Bank, Gaza and Israel, presented at Everyday life in the Middle East and North Africa, Lund, 19/09/13 – 21/09/13.

PRIO Policy Brief

Ioannou, Ioannis Sotirios & Zenonas Tziarras (2020) Turning the Tide in Libya: Rival Administrations in a New Round of Conflict, PRIO Cyprus Centre Policy Brief, 1. Nicosia: PRIO Cyprus Centre.
Palik, Júlia; Siri Aas Rustad; Kristian Berg Harpviken & Håvard Mokleiv Nygård (2020) Conflict Trends in the Middle East, 1989–2019, Conflict Trends, 2. Oslo: PRIO.
Karakoulaki, Marianna (2019) Cyprus: Towards an Asylum Crisis, PRIO Cyprus Centre Policy Brief, 1. Nicosia: PRIO Cyprus Centre.
Paasonen, Kari & Henrik Urdal (2016) Youth Bulges, Exclusion and Instability: The Role of Youth in the Arab Spring, Conflict Trends, 3. Oslo: PRIO.

PRIO Paper

Palik, Júlia; Anna Marie Obermeier & Siri Aas Rustad (2022) Conflict Trends in the Middle East, 1989–2021, PRIO Paper. Oslo: PRIO.
Palik, Júlia; Siri Aas Rustad; Kristian Berg Harpviken & Fredrik Methi (2020) Conflict Trends in the Middle East, 1989–2019, PRIO Paper. Oslo: PRIO.
Harpviken, Kristian Berg & Sultan Barakat (2018) Comparing Qatari and Norwegian Models of Small State Conflict Mediation, PRIO Paper. Oslo: PRIO.

Report - External Series

Baev, Pavel K. (2022) Irrelevant intrigues and diminished power projection: Russia in retreat from the Middle East, PONARS Eurasia Memo, 801. Washington DC: George Washington University.
Baev, Pavel K. (2021) Russia and Turkey: Strategic Partners and Rivals, Russie.Nei.Reports, 35. Paris: IFRI.
Baev, Pavel K. (2020) Russia's Syrian Predicament Grows Unmanageable, PONARS Eurasia Memo, 654. Washington DC: George Washington University.
Kårtveit, Bård; & Maria Gabrielsen Jumbert (2014) Civil-Military Relations in the Middle East: A Literature Review, CMI Working Paper, 5. CMI.
Nygård, Håvard Mokleiv; & Håvard Hegre (2015) Protracted Conflict and Development in the Arab Region, E/ESCWA/ECRI/2015/2 UNESCWA Trends and Impacts, 4. New York: United Nations.
Carling, Jørgen; Christopher Horwood; & Anne Gallagher (2015) Beyond Definitions: Global migration and the smuggling–trafficking nexus, RMMS Discussion Paper, 2. Nairobi: Regional Mixed Migration Secretariat.
Baev, Pavel K. (2015) Could Russia become a serious spoiler in the Middle East?, PONARS Eurasia: Policy Memo, 359. Washington DC: George Washington University.
Høigilt, Jacob; Akram Atallah; & Hani el-Dada (2013) Palestinian youth activism: new actors, new possibilities?, NOREF Report. Oslo: NOREF.
Christophersen, Mona; Jacob Høigilt; & Åge A. Tiltnes (2012) Palestinian youth and the Arab Spring, NOREF Report. Oslo: NOREF.

Book Review

Baev, Pavel K. (2022) Review of Anna Borshchevskaya, ed., Putin's War in Syria, in JPR .
Høigilt, Jacob (2014) Review of Taking to the Streets: The Transformation of Arab Activism, in American Journal of Islamic Sciences 31(4): 111–114.
Høigilt, Jacob (2014) Review of Amar, Paul; & Vijay Prashad, eds, Dispatches from the Arab Spring. Understanding the New Middle East, in Journal of Islamic Studies 25(2): 373–375.

News

Past Events

Blog Posts

Russian Influence Fades in the Middle East

Posted by Pavel Baev on Wednesday, 30 November 2022

The 2022 World Cup has been dominating global news, and no one is missing the Russian team among the 32 participating nations, unlike, for instance, Italy or Egypt. Neither has Moscow said anything regarding the controversies surrounding this paramount sporting event in Qatar (Novayagazeta,eu, November 25). This absence from a ... Read more »

Russia Cherishes Ambitions but Loses Positions in the Middle East

Posted by Pavel Baev on Thursday, 21 July 2022

The Ukraine war has generated shockwaves far beyond the Donbas battlefields, and the Middle East has absorbed and returned the variegated impacts and, as a result, has attracted increased attention in recent weeks. Russian President Vladimir Putin is due to visit Tehran, Iran, on July 19, aiming to counter United ... Read more »

Transactional Engagements: Middle Eastern Responses to the Ukrainian War

Posted by Pinar Tank, Júlia Palik, Jørgen Jensehaugen & Kristian Berg Harpviken on Thursday, 24 March 2022

Russia’s war in Ukraine has been met with global condemnation drawing NATO and the EU closer together in coordinating collective responses. In contrast to this coordinated front among US, French and German responses, it is worth drawing attention to the mixed regional responses among states in the Middle East for ... Read more »

Will the Russian-Ukrainian War Resonate in Syria?

Posted by Pavel Baev & Pinar Tank on Tuesday, 15 March 2022

The predictable and yet shockingly brutal Russian invasion into Ukraine on 24 February 2022 has in the course of three weeks sent many tremors across the world system. Major stock markets experience strong corrections, oil prices register new highs, importers of wheat and sunflower oil are nervously checking their stocks, ... Read more »

Biden Presidency, Palestine-Israel, and the Prospects for Peace

Posted by Alaa Tartir on Friday, 13 November 2020

The Biden Administration will be perceived differently by the various actors involved in the “Palestinian-Israeli conflict” and the so-called peace process. Yet, its position as a “dishonest broker for peace” will remain the constant variable, in line with previous US Administrations. It is not speculative to argue that the Biden ... Read more »

What a Biden Presidency Could Mean for the Middle East

Posted by Pinar Tank, Pavel Baev, Jørgen Jensehaugen, Kristian Berg Harpviken, Alaa Tartir, Mathias Hatleskog Tjønn & Zenonas Tziarras on Thursday, 12 November 2020

With a winner finally announced in the US election, researchers at the PRIO Middle East Centre present a few thoughts on what a Biden presidency could mean for the Middle East. What are likely to be the guiding foreign policy principles of a Biden administration and how will regional and ... Read more »

What should the world do about Israel’s proposed annexation of the West Bank?

Posted by Jørgen Jensehaugen on Thursday, 11 June 2020

Will Palestinians living in the annexed areas be offered Israeli citizenship, or will they become non-citizens within Israel? Israel’s new government will be able to  start annexing parts of the occupied West Bank as early as 1 July 2020. What should the world do about it? This is not the ... Read more »

Gender and Preventing Violent Extremism

Posted by Pinar Tank & Inger Skjelsbæk on Thursday, 12 March 2020

“We cannot allow the invisibility of women in the area of peace and security to continue,” stated Norwegian Minister of Foreign Affairs Ine Eriksen Søreide in her opening of the session on “Gender and Preventing Violent Extremism” in Amman, Jordan. Women are often “invisible” in analyses of violent extremism, whether ... Read more »

Making a Regional Peacemaker

Posted by Jørgen Jensehaugen on Wednesday, 11 March 2020

On March 3 the PRIO-CSS Jordan seminar, “Preserving Spaces for Dialogue in the Middle East”, was situated by the shore of the Dead Sea. The view was both beautiful and thematically fitting, because while most people associate the Dead Sea with a rather exotic seaside tourist destination, and the Kingdom ... Read more »

A Youth Perspective on Youth Participation and Inclusion in the Middle East

Posted by Rode Margrete Hegstad on Tuesday, 10 March 2020

Can we improve democracy and promote peace by becoming better at including youth and create spaces for youth participation in political processes? Last week I had the great honor of representing Norwegian youth on a panel discussion about this very topic during a seminar hosted by PRIO during the royal state visit ... Read more »

Afghanistan at a Crossroads

Posted by Arne Strand & Kristian Berg Harpviken on Thursday, 21 November 2019

Can the conflict in Afghanistan be resolved politically, or must the war continue until one of the parties has won? The conflict in Afghanistan is now the world’s deadliest. The United States and the Taliban negotiated a peace agreement that never got signed. The recent exchange of prisoners may signal ... Read more »

Science Diplomacy in the Middle East

Posted by Kristian Berg Harpviken on Tuesday, 5 November 2019

Research-based dialogue can make substantial contributions to addressing challenges in the Middle East. By mobilizing diverse knowledge milieus, drawing attention to new insights, and emphasizing the normative commitment to truth, we can lay the foundations for dialogue between various states and actors who otherwise find it difficult to interact. At ... Read more »

A Bug in the System

Posted by Marte Heian-Engdal on Friday, 2 September 2016

Palestine does not exist on the map and is also not easy to find in the jam-packed schedules of diplomats working with the Middle East. A Twitter storm was unleashed a couple of weeks ago when rumours spread among pro-Palestinian activists that Google had removed Palestine from its mapping service. ... Read more »

Unfriended: How Russia's Syria Quagmire is Costing it Middle Eastern Allies

Posted by Pavel Baev on Friday, 8 January 2016

At a time when most Russians were taking a long break from politics until after the Orthodox Christmas on January 7, there has been no respite in Russia’s air operations in Syria, nor in the quarrel with Turkey. Rather than focus on the bread-and-butter issues of making ends meet, Russian ... Read more »

The “Sunnification” of Turkey´s Foreign Policy

Posted by Pinar Tank on Monday, 17 August 2015

Two months is a long time in politics – even more so in Turkish politics. At the beginning of June, the Turkish election brought a wave of hope across the country with results that broke the majoritarian (and authoritarian) rule of the reigning Justice and Development Party (AKP). The pro-Kurdish ... Read more »

Partnership of Contrarians

Posted by Pavel Baev on Wednesday, 18 February 2015

Russia connects with Turkey seeking opportunities in the Middle East. Violent conflicts in the Middle East gained new momentum in 2014, and the forceful multilateral efforts to contain them yielded far from satisfactory results. Both Russia and Turkey have remained aloof from these efforts, and often oppose US-led endeavors but ... Read more »

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